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The acetyl moiety prevents the thiol group from oxidizing before absorption, shields the molecule from -GT-mediated hydrolysis in the intestinal lumen, and increases lipophilicity facilitating passive diffusion across intestinal epithelium and cell membranes

For example, in post-MI patients (n = 78, age 60.2 14.2), addition of L-arginine (3 3 g/d) to the post-MI treatment regimen for 6 months does not improve vascular stiffness or left ventricular function compared to patients receiving placebo (n = 75, age 60.4 12.9) (Schulman et al., 2006)

J Translational Med